Hugo + PaperMod搭建技术博客

安装过程

首先需要安装Hugo，安装Hugo需要利用一个包管理工具，对于Windows系统Hugo可以直接用Winget来安装，打开终端输入
```
winget install Hugo.Hugo.Extended
```
如果提示not recognized as the name of cmdlet，查找C:\Users\Username\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps目录下有没有winget.exe，如果存在则添加这个目录到环境变量，否则去应用商店找winget，这是windows官方提供的windows包管理工具，一般系统里都会自带。
Hugo的tutorial介绍了如何创建一个项目，其中step2（.yml的config文件）和step3（下载主题）要根据PaperMod的guide来配置。

文件介绍

content：用于放博客内容
data：不用管
layouts：自定义的HTML
public：项目导出文件
resources：自定义的CSS和JavaScript
static：存放的图片
themes：主题

进入themes/PaperMod则是PaperMod的相关代码，比较主要的目录有：

assets：PaperMod的CSS和JavaScript代码
layouts：PaperMod的HTML

Config.yml

建议直接按照【置顶】hugo博客搭建 | PaperMod主题 | Sulv’s Blog (sulvblog.cn)进行配置。

创建文章

在终端输入hugo new 文章名称.md就会在content文件夹下创建markdown文件，文章头部信息可以修改这篇文章的属性，建议按照【置顶】hugo博客搭建 | PaperMod主题 | Sulv’s Blog (sulvblog.cn)进行配置。

本地预览

在终端输入hugo server -D启动，建议新建一个.bat文件执行这条指令。
启动服务器后，打开浏览器，本地预览网址为localhost:1313。

网站部署

我用的是GitHub Page。

在GitHub里创建一个仓库，名称叫做你的名字.github.io。
当我们本地预览没问题了的时候，在终端输入hugo -F --cleanDestinationDir，在public文件夹下就会生成输出文件。
我们将public文件夹作为GitHub Page的本地仓库，每次生成输出文件就推送到GitHub上，GitHub Page就会自动帮我们部署了。

多语言

如果我们想要使用多语言（中英为例），就需要在content文件夹下准备两个文件夹，例如Chinese和English，一个放中文，另一个放英文。
在config.yml中需要做以下修改：

defaultContentLanguage: en
defaultContentLanguageInSubdir: true

languages:
    en:
        languageName: "English"
        contentDir: content/English
    zh:
    	languageName: "中文"
        contentDir: content/Chinese

可以用它将中文翻译为英文。

搜索功能

分别在中英文的文件夹下创建search.md（hugo new search.md），修改文件头为：

title: "Search"
date: ...
draft: false
layout: search

config.yml中添加：

menu:
	main:
		-identifier: Search
		name: Search
		url: search
		weight: ...

Hover

主要在themes/PaperMod/assets/css/common/header.css中修改。

左上角Home的hover：

.logo a:hover {
    transition: 0.15s;
    color: grey;
}

社交媒体hover：

svg:hover {
    transition: 0.15s;
}

.social-icons a:nth-child(1) svg:hover{
    color: #C84370 !important;
}

.social-icons a:nth-child(2) svg:hover {
    color: grey !important;
}

...

nth-child可以设置各个图标的hover颜色。

黑夜模式和白天模式的hover：

#moon:hover {
    transition: 0.15s;
    color: deepskyblue;
}

#sun:hover {
    transition: 0.15s;
    color: gold;
}

menu中链接hover：

#menu a:hover {
    transition: 0.15s;
    color: grey;
}

按钮hover：

在themes/PaperMod/assets/css/common/profile-mode.css中修改：

.button:hover {
    -webkit-transform: scale(1.1);
    -moz-transform: scale(1.1);
    -ms-transform: scale(1.1);
    -o-transform: scale(1.1);
    /* box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px grey; */
    transform: scale(1.1) translateZ(0) translate3d(0, 0, 0) rotate(0.01deg);
}

自定义社交媒体图标

利用SVG图标制作网站，比如icons8，找到我们需要的图标，例如微信。
可以利用左侧菜单栏的Stroke调节线条粗细。
点击download，SVG Embed，自定义图标大小为24*24，然后点击copy HTML。
在themes/PaperMod/layouts/partials/svg.html中粘贴复制的HTML。
需要修改为fill=currentColor stroke=currentColor，才能适应白天黑夜切换。
微信和微博的图标：

{{- else if (eq $icon_name "wechat") -}}
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" x="0px" y="0px" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 50 50">
    <g fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2">
        <path
            d="M 19 6 C 9.746094 6 2 12.359375 2 20.5 C 2 24.894531 4.292969 28.679688 7.835938 31.324219 L 5.179688 39.304688 L 13.472656 34.167969 C 15.1875 34.707031 17.082031 35 19 35 C 19.746094 35 20.472656 34.945313 21.195313 34.863281 C 23.378906 39.105469 28.328125 42 34 42 C 35.722656 42 37.316406 41.675781 38.796875 41.234375 L 45.644531 45.066406 L 43.734375 38.515625 C 46.3125 36.375 48 33.394531 48 30 C 48 23.789063 42.597656 18.835938 35.75 18.105469 C 34.398438 11.125 27.324219 6 19 6 Z M 19 8 C 26.308594 8 32.328125 12.351563 33.703125 18.011719 C 26.183594 18.148438 20 23.355469 20 30 C 20 31.019531 20.160156 32.003906 20.4375 32.941406 C 19.964844 32.980469 19.484375 33 19 33 C 17.101563 33 15.199219 32.710938 13.632813 32.15625 L 13.183594 32 L 8.820313 34.699219 L 10.1875 30.59375 L 9.5625 30.171875 C 6.082031 27.820313 4 24.445313 4 20.5 C 4 13.640625 10.65625 8 19 8 Z M 13 14 C 11.898438 14 11 14.898438 11 16 C 11 17.101563 11.898438 18 13 18 C 14.101563 18 15 17.101563 15 16 C 15 14.898438 14.101563 14 13 14 Z M 25 14 C 23.898438 14 23 14.898438 23 16 C 23 17.101563 23.898438 18 25 18 C 26.101563 18 27 17.101563 27 16 C 27 14.898438 26.101563 14 25 14 Z M 34 20 C 40.746094 20 46 24.535156 46 30 C 46 32.957031 44.492188 35.550781 42.003906 37.394531 L 41.445313 37.8125 L 42.355469 40.933594 L 39.105469 39.109375 L 38.683594 39.25 C 37.285156 39.71875 35.6875 40 34 40 C 27.253906 40 22 35.464844 22 30 C 22 24.535156 27.253906 20 34 20 Z M 29.5 26 C 28.699219 26 28 26.699219 28 27.5 C 28 28.300781 28.699219 29 29.5 29 C 30.300781 29 31 28.300781 31 27.5 C 31 26.699219 30.300781 26 29.5 26 Z M 38.5 26 C 37.699219 26 37 26.699219 37 27.5 C 37 28.300781 37.699219 29 38.5 29 C 39.300781 29 40 28.300781 40 27.5 C 40 26.699219 39.300781 26 38.5 26 Z">
        </path>
    </g>
</svg>
{{- else if (eq $icon_name "weibo") -}}
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" x="0px" y="0px" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 172 172">
    <g fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="4">
        <path
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        </path>
    </g>
    <path d="" fill="none"></path>
</svg>

目录栏目放侧边

详见：Hugo博客目录放在侧边 | PaperMod主题 | Sulv’s Blog (sulvblog.cn)。

Markdown渲染风格

详见：折腾 Hugo & PaperMod 主题 - Dvel’s Blog

流量统计

这里我使用了不蒜子，在themes/PaperMod/layouts/partials/svg.html中修改：

{{- if not (.Param "hideFooter") }}
<footer class="footer">
    {{- if site.Copyright }}
		...
    {{- end }}
    <script async src="//busuanzi.ibruce.info/busuanzi/2.3/busuanzi.pure.mini.js"></script>
    <span id="busuanzi_container">
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css">
        Visitors: <span id="busuanzi_value_site_uv"></span>
        Views: <span id="busuanzi_value_site_pv"></span>
    </span>
</footer>
{{- end }}

插入B站，YouTube视频或PPT

详见：Hugo博客自定义shortcodes | Sulv’s Blog (sulvblog.cn)

插入音乐播放器

详见：Hugo插入音乐播放器

隐藏歌词：lrc-type=0

修改全局字体

首先找到喜欢的字体，然后可以在Google Fonts中查询字体，我目前的文章字体为CodeNewRoman。Google Fonts会生成HTML和css，将HTML插入到themes/PaperMod/layouts/partials/extend_head.html中，将CSS插入到themes/PaperMod/assets/css/extended/blank.css。

body {
    font-family: 'Code New Roman', sans-serif;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin: 0;
}

修改代码字体

与全局字体类似，区别为CSS代码插入的位置不同。

.post-content pre, code {
    font-family: 'Code New Roman', sans-serif;
    max-height: 40rem;
}

评论功能

详见：Hugo博客添加Twikoo评论 | Sulv’s Blog (sulvblog.cn)

Gmail邮箱配置

在Twikoo中进行配置：

SENDER_EMAIL：你的gmail邮箱
SENDER_NAME：发件人名，我写的是Notification from Kunyang’s Blog
SMTP_SERVICE：Gmail
SMTP_HOST：smtp.gmail.com
SMTP_PORT：587
SMTP_SECURE：true
SMTP_USER：你的gmail邮箱
SMTP_PASS：16位的应用密码
SMTP_SUBJECT：邮件主题，我写的是You have received a response from Kunyang’s Blog

MAIL_TEMPLATE：邮件模板，我的是：

<div style="border-top:2px solid #12ADDB;box-shadow:0 1px 3px #AAAAAA;line-height:180%;padding:0 15px 12px;margin:50px auto;font-size:12px;">
    <h2 style="border-bottom:1px solid #dddddd;font-size:14px;font-weight:normal;padding:13px 0 10px 8px;">
        You have received a new response from <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#12ADDB;" href="https://kyxie.github.io/" target="_blank">Kunyang's Blog</a>
    </h2>
    ${PARENT_NICK} Your comment:
    <div style="padding:0 12px 0 12px;margin-top:18px">
        <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;padding:10px 15px;margin:18px 0;word-wrap:break-word;">
            ${PARENT_COMMENT}
        </div>
        <p>
            <strong>${NICK}</strong> says:
        </p>
        <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;padding:10px 15px;margin:18px 0;word-wrap:break-word;">
            ${COMMENT}
        </div>
        <p>
            Click <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#12ADDB;" href="${POST_URL}" target="_blank">to view the reply</a>, welcome to <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#12ADDB;" href="${SITE_URL}" target="_blank">${SITE_NAME}</a>。<br>
        </p>
    </div>
</div>

配置完成后评论消息就会有gmail邮箱发送的邮件提醒了，outlook邮箱配置见：关于邮箱配置的问题？ · twikoojs/twikoo · Discussion #249 (github.com)。

自定义邮箱回复模板

详见：自定义Twikoo邮件通知模板 | Guo Le’s Blog

代码高亮

在两个地方修改

一个是themes/PaperMod/assets/css/common/post-single.css：

.post-content pre code {
    display: block;
    margin: auto 0;
    padding: 10px;
    /* 主要代码颜色 */
    color: #abb2bf;
    font-weight: 200;
    overflow-x: auto;
    word-break: break-all;
}

另一个是在themes/PaperMod/assets/css/hljs/an-old-hope.min.css，这是我自己修改的：

/* 注释 */
.hljs-comment,
.hljs-quote {
    font-weight: 200;
    color: #7f848e;
}

.hljs-deletion,
/* html标签 */
.hljs-name,
.hljs-regexp,
.hljs-tag {
    font-weight: 200;
    color: #e06c75;
}

/* html属性 */
.hljs-tag {
    font-weight: 200;
    color: #d19a66;
}

/* css类名 */
.hljs-template-variable,
.hljs-variable,
.hljs-selector-class,
.hljs-selector-id {
    font-weight: 200;
    color: #a9b600;
}

/* 内置函数 */
.hljs-built_in,
.hljs-builtin-name {
    font-weight: 200;
    color: #56b6c2;
}

/* 函数输入 */
.hljs-params {
    font-weight: 200;
    color: #e5c07b;
}

/* 数字 */
.hljs-number {
    font-weight: 200;
    color: #d19a66;
}

/* css属性 */
.hljs-attribute {
    font-weight: 200;
    color: #ee7c2b;
}

/* 字符串 */
.hljs-addition,
.hljs-bullet,
.hljs-symbol,
.hljs-string {
    font-weight: 200;
    color: #98c379;
}

/* 函数名称 */
.hljs-section,
.hljs-title {
    font-weight: 200;
    color: #56b6c2;
}

/* 关键字 */
.hljs-keyword,
.hljs-selector-tag,
.hljs-literal,
.hljs-link,
.hljs-meta,
.hljs-type {
    font-weight: 200;
    color: #c678dd;
}

.hljs {
    display: block;
    overflow-x: auto;
    background: #1c1d21;
    color: #c0c5ce;
    padding: 0.5em;
}

.hljs-emphasis {
    font-style: italic;
}

.hljs-strong {
    font-weight: 700;
}

/* 选中时的背景颜色 */
.hljs ::selection,
.hljs::selection {
    background-color: #3d4556;
}

代码边框圆角

themes/PaperMod/assets/css/common/post-single.css中修改：

.post-content .highlight pre {
    background-color: var(--theme) !important;
    margin: 0;
}

添加友链

详见：Hugo博客添加友链 | Sulv’s Blog (sulvblog.cn)

安装过程#

文件介绍#

Config.yml#

创建文章#

本地预览#

网站部署#

多语言#

搜索功能#

Hover#

自定义社交媒体图标#

目录栏目放侧边#

Markdown渲染风格#

流量统计#

插入B站，YouTube视频或PPT#

插入音乐播放器#

修改全局字体#

修改代码字体#

评论功能#

Gmail邮箱配置#

自定义邮箱回复模板#

代码高亮#

代码边框圆角#

添加友链#